Mexican innovation for higher education

With unemployment rates steadily falling in Mexico since 2009, further education institutions are looking to prepare students for an adaptable future

The Universidad Politécnica de San Luis Potosí (UPSLP) was founded in 2001, and built to establish the growing demand for higher education in Mexico. By focusing on the current economic climate, the university has developed core subjects to develop business knowledge and training. The academic programmes have been designed to meet present and future business needs, by utilising cutting edge science and technology, so both students and professors are able to train in high-quality conditions. The curriculum is consistent with national and international standards of higher education, which accredits agencies, articulating theory and practice.

UPSLP is a public university dependent upon the local government, endowed with legal status and its own resources. The general objectives are: to promote and convey higher education in its different levels and modalities; to organise, encourage and conduct research as well as technological, scientific and humanistic development; and to promote the spread of knowledge and culture that contribute to impel, diversify and balance the regional, state and national development.

Created for durability
Designed for 5,000 attending students, currently there are 4,400 students enrolled in six different programmes in the fields of industrial systems, manufacturing, IT, telecommunications, business and marketing. UPSLP is part of a higher education system in Mexico, the Subsystem of Polytechnic Universities, which is newer and one of the most dynamic in public universities in the country.

To achieve its academic goals, UPSLP has looked to develop the most convenient and propitious infrastructure for university work, by allowing the incorporation of front-edge technological equipment required by the educational programmes to fully develop the activities inherent to the academic model.

This way, the university sought to develop an optimal educational infrastructure that may aid the implementation of main activities defined in the academic model, which features a focus towards the development of competences. Having spaces and equipment enabling practices is essential for the application of knowledge and acquisition of skills, including their certification. For this purpose the Advanced Manufacturing, New Technologies, International Business, Information and Documentation Centres have been created.

Technological development
A process of meaningful learning facilitated by a variety of teaching and learning strategies requires spaces, furniture and materials. Classrooms, study halls for individual and group work, laboratories and audio-visual rooms are all available to maximise student learning. Academic monitoring and a tutoring system requires suitable spaces for teachers and tutors, enabling each to carry out their activities effectively.

The educational programmes emphasise a solid base of training in mathematics, sciences, English, and information technologies, which incorporates specific science, computing and mathematical simulation laboratories, and a self-access English language centre. All of these methods link industry and technological development through the use of equipment and infrastructure, which greatly impacts the positive training of students.

Devising institutional management for continuous improvement requires infrastructure suitable for the development of activities, including school services, communication and promotion, administrative services, and strong attention to students and professors.

Having a complete, modern and appropriate campus was one of the elements that encouraged UPSLP to strengthen and consolidate its academic activities, meeting the needs of the university community, reinforcing the organisational environment in a timely manner, invigorating a sense of community based on performance standards, and always striving to maintain a high level of quality in the provision of educational services.

Creating a collaborative future
The model of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) was evaluated and finally adopted as a way to build the UPSLP campus. A PPP scheme provides an opportunity to increase private sector participation in the provision of high-quality services under competitive conditions for public education institutions. The advantages of UPSLP contracting services with the private sector through a PPP instrument are:
- The ability to operate with services intended to offer quality and reliability under competitive conditions;
- To make sure services can be received on time;
- To allow the university to concentrate on academic issues;
- To assure the completion of strategic plan objectives.

The project involves a complete university campus, so UPSLP is unique: some PPPs are only partial. Whether just a building, laboratory, or sports facility, UPSLP involves all facilities for university work. It is also the first PPP project in the public higher education system in Mexico. The PPP project includes design, construction, basic equipment and operation of the university campus by the private sector. The contract extends over a continuous period of 20 years. The campus includes 40,000 square metres of construction and is built in a surface of almost 16 hectares of land.

Constructing business bridges
Developing a scheme to build alliances with world-class companies and institutions, UPSLP also extends to reinforce the educational formation process of students by offering certifications in specialised technologies, primarily based in the industrial information, technology and communications fields. This scheme has allowed the competences-based education model of the university to be carried out in a very specific and distinctive way for students’ educational skills. During their time at the university, students acquire skills that complement theory with tools and technologies, which are recognised by their professional field and certified by national and international organisations and companies. During its first 10 years of operations, UPSLP has delivered more than 20,000 certifications to students reflecting the command of different technological tools, from companies including Microsoft, Cisco, Oracle and FESTO.

The efforts made by UPSLP to provide adequate infrastructure that responds to the requirements of its educational programmes has been a determining factor for strengthening the academic performance of students, providing them with a profound mastery of technologies and practical training. To achieve these academic goals, UPSLP has sought to develop infrastructure conducive to business. The university incorporates up-to-date technological equipment that responds to the requirements of its educational programmes, and integrates professors with high academic profiles. These resources, which consist of 43 basic and specialised laboratories, support the activities of teaching, applied research, and linking productive sectors with the diffusion of technologies.

Stronger state and national participation
The university has promoted an institutional management approach focused on the rising needs from the development of academic attention. The provision of specialised academic equipment, services of a modern computing platform, as well as the institutionalisation of practices that encourage continuous improvement and innovation, have been distinctive aspects of institutional management.

UPSLP has collaborated with other universities and research centres, and through cooperation projects, has strengthened participation in the state and national education system, as well as scientific and technological research. UPSLP has built links and connections with industrial and business sectors in San Luis Potosi, which has become very dynamic in recent years. Expanding links with international research networks, UPSLP promotes the creation of a new consortium called EUROLAT, which includes universities from Poland, Spain, Romania, Bulgaria, Chile and Mexico, where UPSLP currently holds the Vice Presidency for Latin America.

Through the activities that UPSLP is developing, supported by the PPP model, the university is contributing to economic development in the region. Specifically:
- to strengthen capacities of the higher education state system contributing to social and economic development with a long-term vision;
- to attend shortages or growth in the demand of higher education in the state;
- to offer quality in the educative services of the institution; and
- to optimise public resources through long-term planning of academic requirements of the institution.

Internationalisation for greater development
The university consolidates tasks to form competent professionals who are distinguished by their contribution to the development of San Luis Potosí and Mexico, recognised in their fields of professional activity and in the community. The university’s intellectual development attracts high quality students and professors. Utilising technology for academic work, UPSLP remains at the forefront of incorporation and use of new technologies in training, research and management processes. As a result, UPSLP develop strategic activities in the field of technological innovation, and actively participate in the regional innovation system, carrying out joint projects with businesses and governments, offering high levels of training, consulting services and technological development. This allows students to be part of academic collaboration groups, in national and international networks, and to contribute to cutting-edge technology topics.

One of UPSLP’s main upcoming strategic plans is to develop further internationalisation. In a global world, the university appreciates the importance of strong relationships and joint collaborations with other institutions and organisations worldwide, where students and professors are able to explore a global perspective in their academic work.

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The May – June 2013 Issue

Highest corporate tax
rates in Europe

European countries are scrambling to raise every last penny of funds through taxes. But some countries may have gone too far...

Belgium

Though all business taxes in Belgium can be paid online with little effort and preparation, the rates are still sky-high at 57.7 percent, including a staggering 50.8 percent total rate on profits only in social security contributions.

Belarus

In Belarus, a company spends up to 338 hours annually preparing for and paying ten different taxes and duties. The total tax rate has incredibly been lowered to 60.7 percent, from 117.5 percent in 2008.

France

A company in France pays seven different taxes and duties, the sum of which can amount to 65.7 percent of profits; though President François Hollande has announced a wave of business tax rate cuts coming up.

Estonia

A business in Estonia pays 67.3 percent of profits in tax, 37.2 percent exclusively in social security contributions. The country has gone against the grain in Europe by raising businesses taxes from 48.6 percent in 2008 to the current rates.

Italy

While corporate income tax (IRES) in Italy is limited to 38 percent of taxable profit, a company operating in Italy can expect to pay 14 other taxes and duties, including social security contributions, bringing their total payable tax to 68.7 percent of profits, according to the World Bank.

Norway

Norway taxes motor fuels twice, with a road use tax and a CO2 emissions tax. Combined with strikes in the energy sector that have curbed output, the price of gas at a local pump has soared to $10.12 per gallon.

Turkey

Though Turkey sits on the Suez Canal and neighbours many oil rich countries, the price of a gallon of average gas clocks in at $9.41 in Turkish pumps, because of a 60 percent share of taxes. 

Israel

Like Turkey, Israel is surrounded by oil-rich neighbours, but drills very little itself. Gas prices are controlled by the government, so about half of the $9.28 per gallon goes to taxes.

Hong Kong

There are few gas stations in Hong Kong, but the ones available charge up to 76 percent more per gallon than mainland China, where the government caps the cost of fuel. A gallon at the pumps will cost around $8.61 on the island.

Netherlands

Expensive labour costs make the Dutch petrol prices the dearest in Europe, at $8.26 per gallon; though the 57 percent tax add-ons don’t help.

The credit crisis

8 February 2007
HSBC warns of subprime mortgage losses

2 April 2007
New Century goes bus

14 September 2007
Wholesale markets have dried up

17 March 2008
Rescue of Bear Stearns

7 September 2008
Rescue of Fannie Mae

15 September 2008
Lehman Brothers file for bankruptcy

3 October 2008
US congress approves $700bn bailout

14 February 2009
$787bn stimulus approved by congress

 

The effects of the current financial crisis are global and irrefutable. With the collapse of Lehman Brothers, the domino effect of irresponsible public monetary policies, huge levels of unsustainable debt, and a deregulated financial sector, has escalated to the point where no corner of the globe has been left untouched.

1973 oil crisis

October 1973
Syria and Egypt launch an attack on Israel on Yom Kippur and set off a twenty day war;

1977
US President Carter creates Department of Energy, which develops the US strategic petroleum reserve

 

The Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) used their oil reserves as a weapon with the Arab Oil Embargo against those who supported Israel. By January 1974, world oil prices were four times higher than they were at the start of the crisis, especially in the US, and the shock led to a huge drop in the stock market with NYSE losing $97bn in just six weeks.  The embargo lasted five months, and the effects are still seen today.

German hyperinflation

1922-1923

Hyperinflation
1923 – 1924
Stabilisation

 

The trouble began when Germany missed a repatriation payment, worth about one third of the German deficit in this period. Inflation was already high but by 1923 it was raging. Prices doubled within hours, and by late 1923, it cost 200bn marks to buy a single loaf of bread. People burned money as it was cheaper than buying firewood. Germany eventually regained control of its economy when it introduced the Rentenmark into circulation in 1923, and then the Reichmark in 1924.

The Great Depression

1929-1933
The Great Crash
1934-1939
Recovery and Recession

 

After the decadence of the Roaring Twenties, the 1930s saw the biggest economic slump of all time. The stock market crashed on 29 October 1929, and optimism and decadent living tumbled along with the figures. The GDP fell from $103.6bn in 1929, to $66bn in 1934 and the subsequent years of recovery were the most dramatic in US history.

1907 bankers’ panic

1907
Otto Heinze and his brother Augustus Heinze bought shares of United Copper.

 

The stock market was already cautious over the tight money supply, but the US was thrown into a depression after the stock market fell nearly 50 percent from its peak in 1906. The Heinze brothers thought they could influence market shares but ended up bankrupting lenders that provided the financing to buy the stock. A chain reaction left nine institutions bankrupt. By February 1908, the panic was over and the government created the Federal Reserve system, to prevent banks from exercising too much control over the economy.